Adopting a simple profit-maximising perspective ..... can have Essay

Embracing a straightforward benefit boosting point of view ..... can have positive effects for a firm ..... Talk about - Essay Example Entrepreneurs or the administration are considered to concentrate on boosting benefit in the short-run. Receiving straightforward benefit streamlining point of view can have positive outcomes on a firm. This examination will investigate this affirmation so as to look at the positive effects of benefit advancement. Thought will likewise be given to different perspectives that recommend different viewpoints that administrative choices ought to consider. In today’s showcase, advancement of benefits has increased a more extensive methodology including the thought of vulnerability of time and estimation of cash. This has added to the underlying methodology of firm hypothesis contending that the drawn out objective of a firm is to augment its worth. Estimation of a firm is esteemed as the current worth, which is given by the normal incomes. For effortlessness, the normal incomes are compared to benefit and the current worth is along these lines given as the estimation of the considerable number of benefits or the incomes, which is limited at the chose loan fee (Keown, 2003, p. 5). Limiting is done to join the vulnerability of time and estimation of cash later on. This examination will investigate the benefit advancement point of view and its positive effects, requirements looked by administrative choices in their interest to streamline benefits just as the best viewpoint that chiefs should hold in the administration of a firm. Benefit improvement is a short-run process that includes deciding of cost and yield levels that gives the most significant yields in type of benefit. As referenced by Hirschey (2008, p. 38), the degree of movement that amplifies benefit in a firm is given at where minimal income (MR) and the negligible cost (MC) are equivalent with the end goal that any further age of income results balances cost. A straightforward spotlight on benefit expansion infers that a firm is just centered around making benefits and the assets are used with the sole point of getting the most elevated level of benefits

Digital Image Enhancement Methods for Multimedia Technology

Computerized Image Enhancement Methods for Multimedia Technology Section 1 1.1 Introduction In today’s correspondences systems, interactive media is a developing field. There are expanding requests on joining visual angle to different methods of interchanges. It is along these lines incapable to be maintained a strategic distance from to have circumstances wherein the video and transmitted pictures being debased or corrupted in their perceptual quality by assortment of ways. 1.2Digital Image Processing A picture is characterized as two-dimensional capacity, f(x,y), where x,y are plane directions and the abundancy of ‘f’ at any pair of directions (x,y) is known as the power or dim degree of the picture. At the point when x, y and the force estimations of f are for the most part limited and discrete amounts, we consider the picture an advanced picture. To handling the picture by methods for PC calculations is called as computerized picture preparing. When contrasted with simple picture preparing, advanced picture handling has numerous points of interest. It can stay away from issues, for example, signal twisting, picture corruption and develop of clamor during preparing. 1.2 Image Restoration and Enhancement Methods: Presently day’s computerized pictures have secured the total world. Pictures are procured by photograph electronic or photochemical strategies. The detecting gadgets will in general diminish a nature of the advanced pictures by presenting the clamor and obscure because of movement or misfocus of camera. One of the primary utilizations of advanced pictures was in the news paper industry, when pictures were sent by submarine link between New York and London. Presentation of link picture transmission framework in the mid 1920’s diminished the time required to move an image across Atlantic from over seven days to under three hours. A portion of the underlying issues in improving the visual nature of these early computerized pictures were identified with the determination of printing methods and appropriation of power levels. Advanced picture handling methods started in the late 1960s and mid 1970s to be utilized in clinical imaging, remote Earth assets perceptions and space science. Tomography was developed autonomously by Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield and Professor Allan M.Cormack who shared the 1979 Nobel Prize in medication for their innovation. Be that as it may, X-beams were found in 1985 by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen. Geographers utilize the comparable strategy to examine the contamination designs from ethereal and satellite symbolism. Picture upgrade and reclamation techniques are utilized to process the corrupted pictures of unrecoverable items or trial results too costly to even think about duplicating. The utilization of a dark level change which changes a given observational conveyance capacity of dim level qualities in a picture into a uniform appropriation has been utilized as a picture improvement just as for a standardization technique.( I. Pitas) Picture upgrade alludes to expand the picture quality by honing certain picture highlights (edges, limits and complexity) and decreasing the clamor. Advanced picture upgrade and rebuilding are two dimensional channels. They are extensively arranged into straight computerized channels and non direct channels. Direct advanced channel can be structured or executed either spatial area or Frequency space. (K.S. Thyagarajan) In Spatial Domain strategies alludes to the picture plane itself .Image handling techniques, spatial area strategies depend on direct control of pixels in a picture. The power changes and spatial sifting are two head classes of spatial space techniques. In Frequency space strategies, first picture is changed to recurrence area. It implies that, the Fourier change of the picture is figured and played out all handling on the Fourier change of the picture. At last Inverse Fourier change is performed to get the resultant picture. (Rafael C.Gonzalez and Richard E.Woods) Picture Enhancement Techniques are Middle separating Neighborhood averaging Edge Detection Histogram methods In 1980, late work on c.c.d. scanners is audited and strong state scanners which remember for chip signal preparing capacities are portrayed. Future patterns are towards 'smart’ scanners; these are scanners with on-chip ongoing handling capacities, for example, simple to-advanced transformation, thresholding, information compaction, edge upgrade and other constant picture preparing capacities.( Chamberlain,1980) The picture improvement calculation first isolates a picture into its lows (low-pass sifted structure) and highs (high-pass separated structure) parts. The lows part at that point controls the adequacy of the highs segment to expand the neighborhood differentiate. The lows segment is then exposed to a non-linearity to alter the neighborhood luminance mean of the picture and is joined with the prepared highs part. The presentation of this calculation when applied to upgrade run of the mill undegraded pictures, pictures with enormous concealed territories, and furthermore pictures corrupted by overcast spread will be outlined by method of models. (Peli, T., 1981) Improvement calculations dependent on neighborhood medians and interquartile separations are more powerful than those utilizing means and standard deviations for the expulsion of spike clamor, protect edge sharpness better and present less ancient rarities around high complexity edges. They are not as quick as the mean-standard deviation counterparts however are appropriate for huge informational collections treated in little machines underway amounts.( Scollar,I.,1983) Separating CT pictures to evacuate commotion, and accordingly improve the sign to-clamor proportion in the pictures, is a troublesome procedure since CT clamor is of a wide band spatial-recurrence character, covering frequencies of enthusiasm for the signal.A estimation of the clamor power range of a CT scanner and some type of spatially variation sifting of CT pictures can be valuable if the separating procedure depends on the contrasts between the recurrence qualities of the clamor and the sign. For assessing the presentation, utilized a rate standard deviation, a record speaking to differentiate, a recurrence ghastly example, and a few CT pictures prepared with the channel. (Okada., 1985) A two-dimensional least-mean-square (TDLMS) versatile calculation dependent on the technique for steepest not too bad is proposed and applied to clamor decrease in pictures. The versatile property of the TDLMS calculation empowers the channel to have an improved following exhibition in nonstationary pictures. The outcomes introduced show that the TDLMS calculation can be utilized effectively to lessen commotion in pictures. The calculation multifaceted nature is 2(NÃâ€"N) duplications and a similar number of increments per picture test, where N is the parameter-lattice measurement. The calculation can be utilized in various two-dimensional applications, for example, picture improvement and picture information handling.( Hadhoud,M.M.,1988) Picture handling strategies are utilized to decide the range and arrangement of a land vehicle. The methodology taken is to set up a state vector of amounts got from a picture grouping, and to refine this over the mission. The picture preparing methods applied fall into the conventional classifications of upgrade, recognition, division, and order. Ways to deal with evaluating the arrangement and scope of a vehicle in computationally proficient manners are introduced. The appraisals of amounts extricated from single picture outlines are dependent upon blunders. This methodology encourages the coordination of results from various pictures, and from numerous sensor frameworks.( Atherton, T.J.,1990) The JPEG coder has demonstrated to be incredibly helpful in coding picture information. For low piece rate picture coding (0.75 piece or less per pixel), be that as it may, the square impact turns out to be irritating. The edges additionally show 'wave-like appearance. An upgrade calculation is proposed to improve the abstract nature of the remade pictures. To begin with, the pixels of the coded picture are grouped into three general classifications: (a) pixels having a place with semi consistent districts where the pixel force esteems shift gradually, (b) pixels having a place with predominant edge (DE) locales which are portrayed by not many sharp and prevailing edges and (c) pixels having a place with finished areas which are described by numerous little edges and flimsy line signals. A versatile blend of some notable spatial channels which utilizes the pixel marking data for its adjustment is utilized as the versatile ideal spatial channel for picture improvement. (Kundu, A.1995) The videotexts are low-goals and blended in with complex foundations; picture upgrade is a key to effective acknowledgment of the videotexts. Particularly in Hangul characters, a few consonants can't be recognized without modern picture upgrade procedures. In this examination, after numerous videotext outlines containing similar inscriptions are identified and the subtitle region in each casing is removed, five distinctive picture improvement methods are sequentially applied to the picture: multi-outline mix, goals upgrade, differentiate improvement, propelled binarization, and morphological smoothing tasks and tried the proposed strategies with the video inscription pictures containing both Hangul and English characters from different video sources, for example, film, news, sports, and so forth. The character acknowledgment results are incredibly improved by utilizing upgraded pictures in the test. (Sangshin Kwak.,2000). The utilization of a versatile picture upgrade framework that actualizes the human visual framework (HVS) has the properties for differentiate improvement of X-beam pictures. X-beam pictures are low quality and are typically deciphered outwardly. The HVS properties thought about are its versatile nature, multichannel component and high nonlinearity. This technique is versatile, nonlinear and multichannel, and consolidates versatile channels and homomorphic handling. The middle sifting strategy is a basic and productive approach to expel motivation commotion from computerized pictures. This epic technique has two phases. The main stage is to recognize the motivation commotion in the picture. In this stage, initial one recognize the clamor

How to Find the Best College Paper Editor

How to Find the Best College Paper EditorThe college paper editor is not the sole expert in the field of editing, and without a little bit of information, he or she can't be considered capable of completing their duties properly. It's important to get the knowledge you need from the right sources so that you will be able to perform your duties properly. The following are some ways you can get the information you need. The knowledge is provided here for your convenience.One way of getting information on the college paper editor is by researching them online. In this way, you won't just get the facts but also see firsthand how the editor works. You can find what they do, what tools they use and also see samples of their work. You can also read about their work habits. This knowledge can come in handy, because these editors have a lot of responsibilities and should really be able to take their work seriously.Another way of getting knowledge on the college paper editor is by finding out about people who have been editing papers for a long time. Find out what they liked and disliked about working with different editors before they finally decided to hire someone they could depend on. They are probably going to be sharing this with you as well. So find out what to look for in a college paper editor who you're considering working with.A college paper editor who has enough experience can easily produce high quality work without a problem. However, a lot of people don't take the time to find out the qualities that make up an excellent editor. If you think you have all the necessary skills but you can't find anyone who can match what you have to offer, try to hire someone to edit your college paper. It's really a great alternative to having a new editor who will likely not know what they're doing.Besides asking around, there is also a chance you'll come across an editor for your college paper. This person may be a member of your staff or it may be someone else who knows a lot about editing. Either way, it is a good idea to ask what qualities they are looking for in an editor.When you get a list of qualities, ask about the student's opinions. You will be able to get your student to write a few lines on your project and give their opinion. It is important that you know what qualities they're looking for. They will be more than happy to tell you what they think.Make sure the editor you hire knows what types of assignments they are expected to cover. It is essential that you ensure the editor you choose is qualified. Only you and your college will know what they need to accomplish, so make sure you know what they are up against. The editor you hire should be someone who is well equipped to handle the job.College editing jobs are not all that hard to come by. They do require a certain amount of skill though, so the writer you hire should have the ability to write concisely. They should also be someone who will know what they're looking for so they will be able to give you the best work possible.

The Cuban Missile Crisis The Bay Of Pigs Invasion

Proceeding to the Cuban Missile Crisis, American relationships with Castro were previously tense by the Bay of Pigs invasion (1961) where the United States made an unorthodox action towards Cuba by financing and sending insurgent Cubans to help aid in overthrowing and attacking Castro’s supporters and Castro himself0000000. The Bay of Pigs was unsuccessful. This eventual lead to Castro’s joining with communist Soviet Union and leaving Castro cautious of American plans for Cuba. Castro’s suspicions turned out to be true in 1962 when Castro’s intelligence had notice signs of U.S. actions connected to be Operation Mongoose, a new American attack. â€Å"It was under these circumstances that [Cuban officials] informed the Soviet Union that [they] were concerned about a direct invasion of Cuba by the United States and that [they] were thinking about how to step up [their] country’s ability to resist an attack†. Khrushchev retorted by bearing in mi nd the proposal of defending Cuba by â€Å"installing missile with nuclear warheads in Cuba without letting the United States find out until it was too late do anything about them.† Fidel Castro accepted the offer; Soviet Union thus began to install the nuclear missiles. The Crisis began in October 1962 when American had gotten some information about the nuclear missile the Soviet Union had placed in Cuba. Internationally, the Crisis started on October 22nd, 1962 when President John F. Kennedy publicized in a televised broadcast that the U.S. hadShow MoreRelatedHow Did The Bay Of Pigs Invasion And The Cuban Missile Crisis Affect The Cold War3334 Words   |  14 Pagesother countries empower today in their militaries. For this research paper the focus will primarily be on the United States, the Soviet Union, and Cuba. The aim of this paper is to answer the research question of â€Å"How did the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis affect the Cold War and the 3 m ajor countries that participated in the war†? Both positive and negative effects of the war will be discussed and researched and at the end, there will be a final understanding of what truly occurredRead MoreThe Revolution Of The Cuban Revolution1559 Words   |  7 PagesThe Cuban revolution was the spark that ignited the flame of communism in Cuba. The developing nation gained independence only as recently as 1898, and was already filled with an atmosphere of distrust and resentment towards the United States. In July of 1953, a revolution began in Cuba between the United States backed President Batista and Fidel Castro. Fidel and his brother Raul Castro lead a series of guerilla warfare battles against the forces of President Batista. â€Å"I am Fidel Castro and we haveRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Decision Making Process1186 Words   |  5 Pagesdue to his infallible leadership and decision making skills. For this reason, I would like to investigate the extent to which John F. Kennedy’s decision-making process changed from the Bay of Pigs Invasion to the Cuban Missile crisis during his presidency. I chose the Bay of Pigs Invasion and the Cuban Missile Crisis because the first is an event in John. F. Kennedy’s presidency before he gained experience from this job and the latter is an event from after he was acquainted with the presidential roleRead MoreWhat was the cause of the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis1495 Words   |  6 Pagesof the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis? The Cuban missile crisis is considered the closest time the world has ever come to nuclear war. There are many causes that led the world to such confrontation that was ultimately the product of the hostility and secrecy between the nations. As the world sat on the brink of mass destruction, all hope lied with Nikita Khrushchev and President Kennedy coming to a compromise. It is because of this that it is worth analysing the true cause of the crisis, or if it wasRead MoreCuban Missile Crisis : The End Of The World1647 Words   |  7 PagesTo most people, the Cuban missile crisis seemed like the start of an inevitable worldwide nuclear war. 1962 seemed like it was the end of the world for some, but somehow the United States was able to avoid a crisis evade an all out nuclear war with the U.S.S.R. The Cuban missile crisis can not be however, look at just in that timeframe. There are events including the Cuban Revolution that lead up to the United States losing their ties with Cuba. The Bay of Pigs invasion was an unsuccessful attemptRead MoreThe Bay Of Pigs And The Cuban Missile Crisis1516 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bay of Pigs invasion has come to be known as the perfect failure in American history. The invasion only lasted two days but the effects of the invasion lasted for decades. One of the most significant consequences of the Bay of Pigs was the thirteen day standoff between the Soviet Union and the United States over the installation of nuclear armed Soviet missiles on Cuba a year after the Bay of Pigs. The standoff, known as the Cuban Missile Crisis, is the closest the world has come to nuclearRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis : The Cold War1081 Words   |  5 Pageseyeball to eyeball, and I think the other fellow just blinked. ~ Secretary of State Dean Rusk (LaFeber, p. 422). This prominent line was uttered after the Poltava (Soviet ship conveying IRBM missiles to Cuba) turned away from its intended destination, which marked the end of the sinister Cuban Missile Crisis (â€Å"Bos†, pgh. 2). The Cold War was a perpetual state of political animosity entailing the employment of propaganda, ultimatums, and other nonviolent means, which existed between the two universalRead MoreEssay about The Cuban Missile Crisis756 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cuban Missile Crisis Between 1959 and 1962 relations between USA and Cuba deteriorated. Up until 1959, America had kept General Batista in power over Cuba and had strong links, especially in trade. Castro’s ascent to power in 1959 triggered the short-term events contributing to the Cuban Missile Crisis. The main cause of the Cuban Missile Crisis was the cold relationship between the two great superpowers: America and Russia. This hadRead MoreFidel Castro And The Cuban Revolution943 Words   |  4 PagesThe infamous Cuban dictator, Fidel Castro was born on a farm on August 13,1926 and he is currently 89 years old. He was the third child out of six. His full name was Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz Fidel Castro. He was not born into a poor family, his father Angel happened to be a very wealthy sugar plantation owner. At the time Cuba’s economy was not thriving, but Castro still grew up in wealthy conditions. He went to a private boarding school to receive his education. There he became a star studentRead MoreThe Presidential Issues of the Sixties and Seventies778 Words   |  3 PagesStates. Kennedy was a young man with a vision and he wanted to forge a New Frontier for the American people. During Kennedy’s time as President there were many issues that arose, such as, the construction of the Berlin Wall, the Bay of Pigs Invasion, the Cub an Missile Crisis, the Civil Rights Act, and the war in Vietnam. These issues merely started in the early sixties and continued throughout parts of the seventies. Not only did these issues affect President Kennedy but they also affected President

Allentown Materials Corporation - 1159 Words

The analysis of the Allentown Materials Corporation case study reveals a number of issues mostly related to the untimely death of a respected leader, the subsequent change in leadership, and also the management style of the newly appointed upper-level managers. This paradigm shift in operational management strategy is one of the root causes of the conflict between departments, absence of teamwork, and low morale. Additionally, radical changes are required to bring Allentown Materials Corporation into a new era of manufacturing and ensure their continued success in the marketplace. The willingness to change is critical in a manufacturing organization where the means of maintaining a competitive advantage change frequently. (ReVelle)†¦show more content†¦We can also make comparisons between Six Sigma and the different Japanese methodologies and draw a number of conclusions... Six Sigma addresses half of the revolutionary change required for Allentown Materials Corporation to remain competitive in the ever-changing manufacturing marketplace. The second component of the change required involves giving the entire organization a shared vision for the future which plays strongly on the core competencies of the Allentown Materials Corporation. The strength of Allentown Materials Corporation lies with its research and development, and manufacturing divisions. Part of this change will come about as Six Sigma is adapted and implemented at the Allentown Materials Corporation. Employees at all levels of the organization will recognize the potential benefits and rewards including increased job security, new opportunities with the company, and better performance evaluations and pay increases. Additionally, employees will be aware that if the company is deriving benefits from Six Sigma these benefits will eventually trickle down to them. (CIT) All of the new re wards and incentives will lend themselves to a shared vision within the company. One aspect of particular importance of the Six Sigma methodology will be the effect of training and teamwork on the various divisions. When a sense of teamwork is lacking the employees have a tendency to focus on the productivity of their particular department or division and failShow MoreRelatedAllentown Materials Corporation1805 Words   |  8 PagesRunning Head: ALLENTOWN MATERIALS CORPORATION Allentown Materials Corporation: The electronic products division Marà ­a Alejandra Ferrer Southern States University 1 ALLENTOWN MATERIALS CORPORATION 2 Abstract In July, 1992 Don Rogers, the Vice President and General Manager of the Electronics Products Division (EPD) at Allentown Materials Corporation found himself on a very difficult position. Conflicts related to leadership and cultural organization were blocking his administrationRead MoreAllentown Materials Corporation: the Electronic Products Division955 Words   |  4 PagesAllentown Materials Corporation: The Electronic Products Division A) Main organizational causes of EDP’s performance problems 1) Analyze the main changes occurred in EDP’s environment and explain how they impacted EDP’s strategic priorities. Allentown Materials Corp is a company with more tan a century with a steady growth and high reputation in the market by the end of the 80’s. A great deal of its success is based on a strong technological capability in the invention and manufactureRead MoreThe Cross-Functional Conflict and Coordination Problems of the EPD Division of Allentown Materials Corporation1101 Words   |  5 PagesThe EPD division of Allentown Materials Corporation has serious problems in cross-functional conflict and coordination. These issues hurt the division’s performance on new product development, service, morale, and decision making. Part of the reason for these issues could be due to declining market conditions and poor divisional performance but there seems to be fundamental organization problems. EPD markets have been shifting as a result of decline in military spending by government. The resultRead MoreMice In Mice1321 Words   |  6 Pages(Charles River, Wilmington, MA) were delivered to the animal facility during the last week of gestation. On postnatal days 1-21, NMS litters were removed and placed en masse into clean glass beakers, containing small amounts of their home cage bedding material, and held at 34 °C and 50% humidity for 3 hours7. Naà ¯ve mice were similarly born and housed, without handling outside of normal husbandry care, and all mice were weaned on P22 and caged with same-sex littermates. Exercise At four weeks of age, femaleRead MoreAllentown (Epd) Case Analysis7182 Words   |  29 Pagesstrategizing in a dynamic market There is a lot of conflict between groups, morale is low, and there is lack of mutual confidence and trust Sales new product decisions are historically made at a high level due to the required investment from Allentown Sales force was comprised of both young and inexperienced staff and older, long-servicing sales people; sales force working closely with manufacture customers and secured sales by talking to purchasing agents and design engineers to obtain contracts Read MoreFracking Transportation And Modeling : A Literature Review3710 Words   |  15 Pagesof other modes of transportation could reduce the pressure on the trucking industry. 2.2 Increasing safety Concerns Transportation safety has been a concern nationwide. Given the exponential increase in the volume of oil, gas and other fracking materials transported across the nation, incidents of spillage and other accidents have been on the rise. As Green Furchtgott-Roth (2013, p.v ) put it, â€Å"there is no perfectly risk-free way to transport oil, or anything else for that matter†. Some transportationRead MoreCase of the Unpopular Pay7381 Words   |  30 Pagesself-reinforcing are these ideas tbat you almost bave to avoid mainstream business to get away from them. Perhaps thats why several companies known to be strongly committed to managing through trust, mutual respect, and true decentralization-such as AES Corporation, Lincoln Electric, tbe Mens Wearbouse, the SAS Institute, ServiceMaster, Southwest Airlines, and Whole HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW May-June 1998 Foods Market-tend to avoid recruiting at conventional husiness schools. Theres one last factor thatRead MoreCobit Framework21120 Words   |  85 Pagesoffers technical and management conferences on five continents, as well as seminars worldwide to help professionals everywhere receive highquality continuing education. †¢ Its technical publishing area provides references and professional development materials to augment its distinguished selection of programmes and services. LATVIA LEBANON LIECHTENSTEIN LITHUANIA LUXEMBURG MALAYSIA MALTA MALAWI MAURITIUS MEXICO NAMIBIA NEPAL NETHERLANDS NEW GUINEA NEW ZEALAND NICARAGUA NIGERIA NORWAY OMAN PAKISTANRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesaccurately reflect a broader focus and to incorporate a deeper discussion on each topical chapter, with new materials, features, topics, examples, and insights. The fifth edition identified trends, updated discussion of research and theories, and was greatly expanded to include many more examples of practice in modern libraries and information centers. The sixth edition updated and expanded the materials contained in the previous five editions and discussed new thoughts and techniques as well as reemphasizedRead MoreCOMM292 Case Studies23202 Words   |  93 Pagesengineering from Penn State. During his undergraduate years, Delery was a member of the Penn State soccer club and the team won the national championship when he was a sophomore. Before business school, Delery worked for Air and Product Chemicals in Allentown, Pennsylvania. He was hired into the competitive Engineering Career Development Program consisting of three one-year rotational assignments in varying locations and functional roles. Being single, Delery embraced the social life of the school community

Essay On Working In The Workplace - 1385 Words

The case I am going to use was at the beginning of my working career. I had just started a new job at a wine bar, let’s call it Italiano’s. At this wine bar I was given the job of busser and bar back, about as low as you could get at the restaurant besides dishwasher. When I started this job I was a senior high school, which compared to my co-workers, was very young. Most of my co-workers were in their late twenties and thirties. Due to this age gap, I felt very immature and underpowered in the workplace. I felt like I had to follow everybody’s command because it was my first job and felt like I needed to be the perfect worker. There are two issues in this case that put pressure on me to act unethically or not speak up. First, at the†¦show more content†¦It got so bad that one employee had to be fired because they physically harmed another employee by shaking them with anger when they messed up. Due to the lack of supervision, many employees would take advantage of smoke breaks. Throughout the night employees would leave from time to time to go take smoke breaks. This is fine and common in the service industry as a way to relieve the stress of working on your feet for many hours of the day. Some employees would take 20-30 minute smoke breaks, which is way longer than any break should take. This affected me and the other servers that did not smoke because we had to make up for their missed work on top of the work we already had to do ourselves. The laziness and lack of care for the work they are doing led to a toxic work environment for everyone as well. When confronting one of the individuals, they told me to just pick up smoking so that I could also take long breaks throughout the night. That would temporarily fix my problem of unequal work but would not fix the restaurants problem of idle employees. These two issues put pressure on me to either join them by participating in the drinking and smoking or keep quiet by not telling my boss and let the toxicity continue. Analysis: To make a decision on how to proceed I need to make a pros and cons list of speaking up to my boss and a pros and cons list for staying quiet. The pros ofShow MoreRelatedThe Workplace of the Nineteen and Twentieth Century Were Drastically Different1508 Words   |  6 PagesThe workplace of the 19th and 20th century were drastically different. The goal of automation was replaced to achieve greater communication and cooperation (MacKenzie 1985). Today, the workplace is still changing. In this essay, I argue that the workplace has been affected by recent technological trends and these changes have made working conditions precarious and labour markets unstable. As the workplace of every industry is different and due to the limitations posed in this essay, I limit theRead MorePhilips Improvement to Job Analysis and Design1531 Words   |  6 Pagesand organizational performances. This essay is based on Philips’ changes in its workplace design in a factory. In the past, the factor ’s old operation line had generated poor employee and organizational performance such as low morale of employees, high rate of turnover, and poor quality control. While redesign its operation line, Philips has gained a high productive workforce, such as building self-management teams, enriching employee’s spirit life. This essay is based on Philips’ successful experienceRead MoreThe Scientific Management And The Bureaucracy Theory Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesfor modern organization and managers. There is no specific research area under the essay, as there has no enough information from one region to support the arguments listed in the report. In particular, it focuses on the effect of four principles of Taylor’s theory to modern companies. How bureaucracy and post-bureaucracy theory work in contemporary companies has been included as well. Another content of the essay is the weakness of two theories applying to today’s organization. A research aim toRead MoreWorking Men And Women For Countless Years Have Struggled1280 Words   |  6 PagesWorking men and women for countless years have struggled to find the balance between succeeding in their careers versus being an influential role in their children’s life. Differing careers have enabled various levels of success in being able to reach the epitome of parenthood and career ambitions. 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These principles drove the marked improvement in productivity that lead to what we know as the Industrial Revolution. A key assumption that SM Taylor made was that workers are only concerned about financial reward. This view probably doesn’t have a leg to stand on in today’s society, but at the time, working condi tions weren’t as generous as today’s, and the level of wealth was much lower thanRead MoreWomen Inequality in the workplace1189 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿INTRODUCTION This essay serves to look into the issue of women inequality in the workplace. This essay will explain the reason behind women equality in society and some of the disadvantages that women face in the workplace. Also, you will learn about the term â€Å"gender gap† which refers to the distribution of wages between men and women. It shows the difference in the pay between both genders in many career fields. 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This essay critically e valuates and discusses organizational approaches to managing equality and diversity. 1.1 Purpose of essay The overall aim of this essay is to critically evaluate organizational approaches to managing equality and diversity. Snape and Redman (2001) stated that even among top and globalRead MoreOrganizational Misbehaviour Is Important For Modern Day Managers1487 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of this essay is to establish why the concept of organisational misbehaviour is important for modern-day managers, which is seen through two main themes of sexual harassment and whistle blowing. In this essay it will firstly define what organisational misbehaviour. Secondly is an analysis of sexual harassment and how it is part of organisation misbehaviour and following this is the second of the two themes that of whistleblowing and following this is why the concept of OMB important for

Blacks A Struggle for Racial Equality Essay Example For Students

Blacks: A Struggle for Racial Equality Essay Blacks: A Struggle for Racial EqualityAlmost everyone would like to have racial equality in the world today. It is often said that all people have been created equally.That is true,however sometimes not everybody is treated equally. In society, blacks arestill struggling for racial equality. We should note that in the 19401, blacks were not considered equal tothe whites. We see this in The Power of One . Blacks could not socialize withwhites. P.K. a young boxer asks the manager at the gym how he gets away withmixing blacks and whites. The manager says that outside the ring a black man isnot equal, inside he is but not in public, only in private. This clearlydemonstrates how blacks were not treated equally to whites in the 1940s. We also see this in society today. We are able to see how blacks arelooked upon when we examine a quote from The Runner , a novel by Cynthia Voigt. If theres one thing I cant tolerate Pete agreed its an uppity nigger.2 Wecan see that Bullet, a cross country runner is talking to a team-mate named Pete. It is indisputable that Pete has some antagonism towards blacks. He treatsthem with very little respect and uses the racist term nigger. This helps tojustify that blacks are treated with considerably less appreciation than otherraces of people. Let us also look at the fact that blacks are often socially outcastedbecause of their race. We see this in The Runner. Youre telling me you wontwork with him because hes a negro? Thats right.3 As we can see the aboveexert clearly shows how the black person was outcasted. Bullets coach askedhim to train with another person on the team but Bullet refused to train withhim because he is black. Another quote that shows how blacks are still in a struggle for racialequality is in short commentary, A Fair World for All by Dorothy CanfieldFisher:Suppose that you are in a market or food shop buyingthings to eat. Everybody is relaxed and easy, standingaround waiting for his turn to buy. All of a sudden a bigsnake crawls along the beam of the roof and drops downamongst the shoppers. You dont need anybody to tellyou how most of the crowd will scream and rush for thedoor4This was a perfect analogy used by the author to explain racial inequality. Ifthe snake was black, nobody would scream or run out but we can easily get themessage how we are sometimes narrow-minded towards people of other races. We are clearly able to see that blacks are still struggling for racialequality if we examine an exert from an article that compares blacks salariesto those of whites. Blacks-regardless of their academic credential or skills earn substantially less than their white counterparts. For each dollar earned by a white working fulltime,Asians made 82 cents, blacks averaged 74 cents5As we can see, the above quote clearly shows that blacks are still in thestruggle for racial equality. These statistics were put from a survey based on1989 wages and salaries. This helps to prove that blacks still have to strivefor equality. Therefore, in society blacks are still struggling for racial equality. In the 1940s, blacks were not considered equal. If we examine the generalpublic today, they have not made enough progress, they are sometimes sociallyoutcasts and they are also paid less that whites and Asians. If we all worktogether, we can put an end to the discrimination that exists today. .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .postImageUrl , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:hover , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:visited , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:active { border:0!important; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:active , .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083 .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1579c3ef27f19505f78a0cea4ee9f083:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: We Learn About Ancient Civilizations Through Literature, Artifacts, An EssayENDNOTES1. The Power of One. Directed by Arnon Milchan, movie, colour. Screenplay byRobert Mark Kamen. 2. Cynthia, Voigt, The Runner (New York: Ballantine Books, 1985), p.573. Voigt.p.934. A Fair World for All in Colliers Junior Classics: Harvest of Holidays, ed. Ruth Weeden Stewart (New York: The Crowell Collier publishing company, 1962),p.278. 5. Author is anonymous, Blacks get Smaller Salary Payoff for Education,Califonia Study Reveals Jet, Feb. 1, 1993, p.29.

Price of Football Players

Table of Contents Introduction Supply Demand Theory Skill Sets Bargaining Power Sponsorship Other Factors References Introduction Why do football players cost so much? Why do players transferred from one club to another get so very high price of  £82,500,000 while another players a sum of  £21,000,000? What determines these prices and are they determined? All these questions poses a potent reason for a demand supply analysis of football players.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Price of Football Players specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This paper analyses the reason why players are given higher transfer rates and the economic theory that lies behind this transfer. The players that we choose for this analysis are Nacho Monreal from Arsenal and Jack Butland from Stoke City. Supply Demand Theory While discussing the price that footballers receive from the clubs are astronomically high. Some players receive ve ry high transfer prices while others do not receive such high wages. The transfer costs are actually, in economic sense, the price, or the wages that is determined through the interaction of supply and demand. The footballers who have a very high degree of skill and have a proven past record are priced very high. The supply curve of a commodity as we know in economics is a positively sloping line, whereas in case of football players is a vertical line indicating a fixed supply. This is because, the service that the footballers have to offer is their skill sets as a player which cannot rise or fall with the price. It remains same at any price, showing a highly inelastic supply curve. However, the demand curve of the footballers is highly elastic that varies with the prices. When there is an interaction between the supply and the demand curves, and the price at which they interact, becomes the equilibrium price at which the player is transferred. This price is the transfer cost that c lubs pay. Figure 1: Demand and supply curve of a footballer Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In figure 1 the supply curve is shown as a perfectly inelastic curve and the downward sloping demand curve shows that with an increase in the price of the player shows that the demand for the player would reduce. Skill Sets In case of Nacho Monreal from Arsenal and Jack Butland a comparison has to be made in terms of their skills. A comparison of their past performances shows that Nacho was a defender who had 2 goals to his credit, he had assisted in making 8 goals, in 35 matches he had played. On the other hand, Jack a goalkeeper, had conceded 69 goals and missed 13 goals in the 49 matches he had played. This shows that if a performance ratio is considered, Nacho’s performance was far better than that of Jack. Hence, it may be concluded that the higher price that was offered to nacho was due to the better performance he had shown in the previous matches he had played. The theory of marginal revenue product of the players demonstrates that the price of a product or marginal revenue of a product depends on the price of the last good that was sold and on the productivity of the good. In case of a football player, the marginal revenue i.e. the price the clubs are willing to pay for a player. This price also includes the ability of the player to draw sponsors and advertisements money. In a way, this is directly dependent on the media popularity fo the football player. Earlier, the amount of the transfer price has not been very high, which has increased exorbitantly in the recent years. Many believe that the high price paid to the footballers is due to the higher media popularity paid to the player. Many television channels and media houses willingly pay premium sponsorship prices to get a particular player to endorse their program or product. This again incr eases the market value of the player. For instance, Manchester United may just have to pay a meagre sum to its employees as they hire only few people but they earn revenue of  £1 million per game, which is much higher than what they pay . Bargaining Power From the point of view of the bargaining theory, a player who has a unique and commendable skill sets and is popular with the media would be in a better position to bargain with the clubs while a transfer cost is being determined . The reason being, even the player is aware of the amount of revenue he can fetch for the club through good performance on the field as well as through sponsorships.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Price of Football Players specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Further, the marginal productivity of a player is not assessable. But a good player can help his team to perform better and therefore, the skills he has a footballer would help th e team to gain a higher position in the league matches which would increase the popularity of the club. For instance, Messi is a great asset for Barcelona, as he almost singlehandedly helps the club win, as well as become the champion. A player of his calibre would definitely fetch a higher price for he has a higher level of skill sets and performance to offer . Therefore, a player who has the potential to make the club win or reach the finals or semi-finals of the premiere leagues would definitely have a higher bargaining power as well as price. Sponsorship Another aspect that has a strong influence on the price of the football players is the sponsorship that he can draw. For instance, David Beckham, Messi, or Christiano Ronaldo is the poster boys of all big companies who are the primary sponsors of football. As these players are immensely popular with the football watching and non-watching audience, they have a higher endorsement price that eventually goes to the club. Therefore, if a player is media friendly and is priced high by the media, he would eventually cost high to the clubs too. Other Factors Another factor that may have an influence on the transfer cost of the players is their degree of competitiveness. The clubs in the English Premier League are highly competitive and they vigorously compete against each other for a good player. Therefore, when the demand for the good is very competitive, this would increase the price of the product, supply being constant. High bidding on a player from the top clubs also results in higher costs of players. Furthermore, there are rich clubs who are willing to pay a very high price for the right player and this knowledge in the market increases the expectation as well as the price of the footballers. Price of a player is dependent on various factors. However, the whole mechanism of the bidding prices and the price is determined through the process of demand and supply interaction as explained through economic theor ies.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More References Andrear, L 2007, Are football players paid too much?, http://www.helium.com/items/217870-Football-News-Opinion. Bowman, B 2011, Is international football migration simply another type of labour migration?, http://www.academia.edu/2535233/Is_international_football_migration_simply_another_type_of_labour_migration. DevecioÄŸlu, S 2011, The Valuation of Human Capital in the Football Player Transfer Market, http://www.academia.edu/836938/The_Valuation_of_Human_Capital_in_the_Football_Player_Transfer_Market. Dobson, S Goddard, J 2011, The Economics of Football, Cambridge University Press., Cambridge, UK. Economics 2007, Economics of Football – Players Wages, http://econ.economicshelp.org/2007/09/economics-of-football-players-wages.html. Economics 2013, Economics of Football, http://econ.economicshelp.org/2007/09/economics-of-football.html. Kà ©senne, S 2007, The Economic Theory of Professional Team Sports, Edward Elgar Publishing, London. L’histoire de sa vie 2008, You lack a rudimentary understanding of market economics, http://www.nathan-miller.com/you-lack-a-rudimentary-understanding-of-market-economics/. Quinn, KG 2009, The Economics of the National Football League: The State of the Art, Springer, London. Transfermarkt 2013, Premier League – England, http://www.transfermarkt.co.uk/en/premier-eague/letztetransfers/wettbewerb_GB1.html. This essay on Price of Football Players was written and submitted by user Allan Powers to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Strategic Thinking Analysis Essay Example

Strategic Thinking Analysis Essay Example Strategic Thinking Analysis Essay Strategic Thinking Analysis Essay The main theme of the movie is to show the different idealisms of the life in the Americas during the early centuries of industrial development. Most likely, getting a job has been a struggle during those times, making the main character [played by Will Smith] experience deep depression when he was left by his wife with their son for him to bring up. The clear picture of describing how the life in America was like during those years actually made it possible for the movie to capture the interest of the viewers. The determination of the father to continue assisting his son and himself as well to be able to survive the challenges is what makes this movie strong, powerful and continuously relative to the situations that people at present face as they particularly deal with the situations presented to them by the present world systems. The Presentation of the Theme: As mentioned earlier, the movie talked about serious issues that dealt with economic hardships and how human behavior actually attests to the fact that the said challenges could be dealt with through the application of ample determination and self-trust that could primarily be derived from an individual’s strong wanting of surviving the tests that they are facing at certain times. Most of the parts of the movie showed how a father tried to survive for his son despite the fact that they did not have any stable place to stay in. The scenes were much touching especially considering the fact that the father shows much interest on how his son is being cared for amidst all the odds that they had to face as a team. Later on, his efforts paid off and finally got both of them [the father and son] a decent place to stay in and a fine life they could live with The presentation of the film’s theme could strongly be considered rightful on the part of the serious situations that some people are still living with today. It is undeniable that people today sees a lot of opportunity to be able to survive the tests of life. However, without the individuals’ determination to struggle through the different tests presented to them, although there are the opportunities present in the society, surviving life may not be that easy to pursue. The movie shows the importance of being strongly inline with the ambition that he has for him and his family with regards the things that he does in order to reach the said aspirations he has in life. Television versus the Big Screen: In my opinion, I could say that the movie presentation is better done in the big screen. The idea is that the emotional display of the characters as presented in the movie becomes more obvious in comparison with that of the presentations made through the television programs. Most likely, in my view, I have been more affected by the theme of the movie when I first watched it in big screen than when I saw the movie in the television. The intensity of the emotional display becomes more real through the obvious presentation of the facial expressions, better sound system and better lighting processes as seen in big screen than in television set-ups. Movie versus the Printed Novels: The presentation of emotional intensity is much obvious in the movie set up. The novel however makes it easier for the reader to take note of the situation through the imagination thus making it easier for them to make possible thoughts on how the situation actually happens which also makes it easier for the readers to relate easier to the kind of life that the characters are dealing with in the story. The advantage however of the movie based presentation is that the situation could still be intensified by the lighting effects as well as with the rightful application of sound within the background of several important scenes within the movie. Hence, in this regard, it becomes much easier for the watchers of the movie to actually catch the theme of the story as the movie is being played. Whereas, in books, usually, catching the theme of the movie is done in a longer time since the reading process becomes more intensified as it proceeds further through the length of the story. Conclusion: It is undeniable that the advantage of the movie presentation from the printed novels could only be identified through the discretion of the individuals trying to get the information they want through whichever process they prefer. The idea is that the understanding of the theme or the main idea of the presentations as per noted by the authors or the writers of the stories is based upon the preferences of the individuals. Reference: Thomas Elsaesser. (2002). Studying Contemporary American Film: A Guide to Movie Analysis. A Hodder Arnold Publication. nbsp;

The Civil War in England Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Civil War in England - Essay Example This paper shall discuss the effects that the war had on the people of England and the different aspects of the nation then. Before the commencement of the war and even during it, the reins of the economy and the funds of the government rested with the Parliament that would then be in a position to dictate terms to the King (Bucholz and Key, 254). This marked a change in the way in which revenue was utilized during the Elizabethan age when the monarch had a far greater role to play in the handling of the nation’s funds that when the Stuart dynasty took over. The expenses of the monarch would have to be ratified by the Parliament and this was a great blow to James I. He however, managed to maintain a balance between the demands of the Parliament and the maintenance of his power. His son, Charles I, however, could not do so. Many attribute this failure to Charles’ belief in the divine rights that he believed kings to have (Trueman). According to this theory, kings were th e deputies of god on earth and this right of the king could not be taken away by the Parliament which according to him was merely a collection of mortals. This belief of Charles would be the reason that led to his ultimate execution. His failure to recognize the real aspirations of his people finally led to his downfall. Apart from this, one also needs to look at the flawed military strategies that were employed by the Royalists and the successful ones by the Parliamentarians. John Pym, according to Robert Bucholz and Newton Key, was instrumental in ensuring the victory of the Parliamentarian cause in many battles that occurred during the civil war (Bucholz and Key, 254). Religious reasons were very important in the civil war. It marked a transition to a phase in history where religion would be a major determinant in political affairs in an explicit manner. The puritans were responsible in a large way for the civil war. Oliver Cromwell himself was a puritan (Oliver Cromwell). These aspects along with the fact of the different sects that people in England, Ireland and Scotland were a part of, had led to tensions within the nation (Stoyle). A different form of politics too had taken shape, one that would thrive on the politics of identity. This was a change from earlier days. This change has survived to modern times when political parties survive on the identity of the community they represent. The major economic effect of the English Civil War was its detrimental impact on trade. Ben Coates in his work The Impact of the English Civil War on the Economy of London observes that the years spanning from 1648 to 1650 were marked by poor agricultural produce and naval and trade weakness. The recession of 1648-50, however, was a product of bad harvests and weakness on the seas. The Dutch regained their supremacy in the seas and thus undermined English trade and industries. It is noteworthy that the war weakened the erstwhile flourishing English foreign trade at the pr ecise point of time when the Dutch consolidated their commercial and naval power after the completion of the Thirty Years' War (1648) (Coates, 22). The importance of these developments needs to be analyzed in conjunction with the role that these changes enabled in the transition to modernity. Not only were the seeds of democracy sown

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Rolls-Royce and the Stock Market - Case Study Example Factors that are apt to influence the market are inflation, exchange rates, government takeover and marketing needs. In this paper an effort will be made to determine why Rolls-Royce plc had such serious difficulties in the 1970s and how they either have, or should try to, offset any difficulties that might arise. Over the past 20 years, with successful deregulation and innovation in important areas of the economy, Britain has been doing well, and in keeping with that economy, Rolls-Royce has also been doing well. This was not always the case for the company. The 1970s were a time of instability for Rolls-Royce, so much so they almost went out of business completely, declaring bankruptcy in 1971. At the end of the decade, Rolls-Royce was in trouble again when their exchange rate predictions went awry. Could the company have foreseen the difficulties they would be facing in their engine production and was their financial crisis due to lack of foresight or a roll of the dice With empirical research, up-to-date news, government articles and papers on the business economy, an effort will be made to answer this question. Henry Royce built the first motor car in 1904 and joined with Charles Rolls to manufacture and sell a range of cars in Britain under the name Rolls-Royce. The company was formed in 1906 and within a year, the Silver Ghost, a six-cylinder car, was lauded as the best in the world. At the start of World War I, Royce designed his first aero engine, the Eagle, which provided half the horsepower used by the Allies in the air war. With the production of the "R" engine, business continued and Rolls-Royce gained the technological base to develop the Merlin, used in the Battle of Britain during World War II, and the gas turbine for the civil aviation market which led to the Comet, the first turbo jet to enter transatlantic service . In 1960 the Conway engine in the Boeing 707 became the first turbofan to enter the airline service ("History: Timeline, 2004; "The History of Rolls-Royce Motor Cars" [online]). Rolls-Royce was enjoying success as the only "British aircraft engine company that cou ld contemplate competing in global markets" (Lazonick and Prencipe, 2004, p.6). In 1966, Rolls-Royce and Bristol Siddley merged and continued production of the Rolls-Royce aero engines in both companies. However, with each company retaining old loyalties, integration was never complete, perhaps creating the first crack in the veneer of the heretofore financially solid, growing business. At the same time, American Airlines in the United States announced a contest for a new trans-Atlantic aircraft. Both Douglas and Lockheed responded with designs, the DC-10 and the Lockheed L-1011, respectively. The designs were

United States Economic Situation Essay Example for Free

United States Economic Situation Essay The US has the largest and most technologically powerful economy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $49,800. In this market-oriented economy, private individuals and business firms make most of the decisions, and the federal and state governments buy needed goods and services predominantly in the private marketplace. US business firms enjoy greater flexibility than their counterparts in Western Europe and Japan in decisions to expand capital plant, to lay off surplus workers, and to develop new products. At the same time, they face higher barriers to enter their rivals home markets than foreign firms face entering US markets. US firms are at or near the forefront in technological advances, especially in computers and in medical, aerospace, and military equipment; their advantage has narrowed since the end of World War II. The onrush of technology largely explains the gradual development of a two-tier labor market in which those at the bottom lack the education and the professional/technical skills of those at the top and, more and more, fail to get comparable pay raises, health insurance coverage, and other benefits. Since 1975, practically all the gains in household income have gone to the top 20% of households. Since 1996, dividends and capital gains have grown faster than wages or any other category of after-tax income. Imported oil accounts for nearly 55% of US consumption. Crude oil prices doubled between 2001 and 2006, the year home prices peaked; higher gasoline prices ate into consumers budgets and many individuals fell behind in their mortgage payments. Oil prices climbed another 50% between 2006 and 2008, and bank foreclosures more than doubled in the same period. In addition to dampening the housing market, soaring oil prices caused a drop in the value of the dollar and a deterioration in the US merchandise trade deficit, which peaked at $840 billion in 2008. The sub-prime mortgage crisis, falling home prices, investment bank failures, tight credit, and the global economic downturn pushed the United States into a recession by mid-2008. GDP contracted until the third quarter of 2009, making this the deepest and longest downturn since the Great Depression. To help stabilize financial markets, in October 2008 the US Congress established a $700 billion Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). The government used some of these funds to purchase equity in US banks and  industrial corporations, much of which had been returned to the government by early 2011. In January 2009 the US Congress passed and President Barack OBAMA signed a bill providing an additional $787 billion fiscal stimulus to be used over 10 years two-thirds on additional spending and one-third on tax cuts to create jobs and to help the economy recover. In 2010 and 2011, the federal budget deficit reached nearly 9% of GDP. Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan required major shifts in national resources from civilian to military purposes and contributed to the growth of the budget deficit and public debt. Through 2011, direct costs of the wars totaled nearly $900 billion, according to US government figures. US revenues from taxes and other sources are lower, as a percentage of GDP, than those of most other countries. In March 2010, President OBAMA signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, a health insurance reform that will extend coverage to an additional 32 million American citizens by 2016, through private health insurance for the general population and Medicaid for the impoverished. Total spending on health care public plus private rose from 9.0% of GDP in 1980 to 17.9% in 2010. In July 2010, the president signed the DODD-FRANK Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, a law designed to promote financial stability by protecting consumers from financial abuses, ending taxpayer bailouts of financial firms, dealing with troubled banks that are too big to fail, and improving accountability and transparency in the financial system in particular, by requiring certain financial derivatives to be traded in markets that are subject to government regulation and oversight. Long-term problems include stagnation of wages for lower-income families, inadequate investment in deteriorating infrastructure, rapidly rising medical and pension costs of an aging population, energy shortages, and sizable current account and budget deficits including significant budget shortages for state governments.

Life Without N Sync - A Satirical Essay :: essays research papers

Life without N’Sync: A soon-to-be reality, or a teenaged girl’s worst nightmare? I would hate to even suggest that we might soon exist in a world without N’Sync. Their songs inspire us, as well as being very morally sound. Their creative and innovative fashions and tunes gives us the much needed variety that keeps us interested about the next aptly-titled CD they put out. They are great role models for every aspiring ‘teen dream’, and give teenaged boys something to aspire to. N’Sync is a positive contributor to our society. N’Sync’s writers have written some very memorable songs in the past, including ‘Digital Getdown’ and ‘That’s When I’ll Stop Loving You’. These songs are filled with inspiring lyrics such as, â€Å"Don’t wanna be the reason for your love no more† and â€Å"Baby, baby get nasty, nasty and we can get freaky deaky.† These lyrics teach the 8 year old fans just what girls are good for, and make them feel loved and respected; at the same time they teaching them some interesting vocabulary that they can use in everyday life. I like the consistency of the song titles, because consistency is very important. A large portion of their titles include the word ‘you’, or ‘me’, which definitely showcases their creativity. The fact that they let talented musicians do the instrumental sections proves that they care about how their music sounds. N’Sync’s songs are a positive influence on to day’s youth. It’s a definite relief to know that Justin Timberlake is having a good hair day, and that Chris Kirkpatrick had a good photo shoot. I am glad to know that their latest CD has gone multi-platinum and they have made lots of money, because their happiness is very important to me. One can never get tired of their adorable puppy-dog faces and their cute plays on words that have been carefully scripted. Their intelligence, ingenuity and creativity has led me to believe that they are very positive role models for their fans, and they are who every teenaged boy should strive to be. The things I like most about N’Sync are the fact that they went from having no talent and no money to having no talent and lots of money. It’s good that magazine publishers have made entire series of magazines all about them. I enjoy reading the countless articles and interviews about them, because I say â€Å"The more, the better!!† Without N’Sync, many teenaged girls wouldn’t have music to listen to, or any pictures to put on their walls.

How are social change and changes in knowledge linked?

It will then proceed by discussing aspects of social change in history, in particular how changes after the 2nd world war challenged old and traditional systems of knowledge. In this discussion this essay will focus on two dominant systems of knowledge, medicine and religion, and in what way the changing role of women in society has challenged these knowledge systems. With regard to religion this essay will also discuss the development of new age beliefs in today's society with relevance to the question is religion in decline? This essay will aim to use relevant examples in this discussion in order to reach a conclusion of the link between social change and changes in knowledge in our society. So lets begin by answering the question what is knowledge? ‘All knowledge is produced, collected, collated and disseminated by human beings living in societies.' (Goldblatt 2000). It is inherited through the language we learn in our daily lives. We use many different sources of knowledge in order to understand where we Come from, who we are and the society within we live it shapes what we know and what we don't know. It is the social structures and institutions within society, which shape the content of knowledge systems, be it in medicine, religion, the political ideologies and so on. They decide who holds the power in within these knowledge systems.' They determine, for example, who has access to specialized knowledge languages (like medical training) and who has socially sanctioned and legal authority to make pronouncements on a given subject.'(Goldblatt 2000). Aside from specialized or expert knowledge there is also a different type of knowledge known as common sense knowledge. This is knowledge, which we all inherit or learn from family and friends, or acquire through outside influences accessible to us such as media or the Internet. It helps us understand or gain alternative knowledge on issues such as our health for example. It often comes in the shape of old wives tales, which have been passed down through generations. The dominant knowledge systems such as medicine religion and so on are not fixed however and when social change occurs, they are forced to respond to these changes, and in consequence it is also knowledge that can then influence change in society and determine how we live our lives. Throughout history society has seen many radical changes within its dominant knowledge systems. We have witnessesed major advances in scientific research, medicine, changes in ‘traditional' religious beliefs and challenges to the dominant political ideologies, particularly following the Second World War. One of the foremost debates today is whether or not there has been a decline in the trust of expert knowledge within all aspects of society. There have always been experts with specialized knowledge even in ancient times. However years ago experts in their field be it science, medicine or religion were always trusted their knowledge was respected and believed as true, scientists, doctors, priests and the like. Although they were never completely unchallenged the authority of their knowledge was secure. However it could be argued that at this time people had no way of acquiring the knowledge to know any different and had no reason to challenge the experts. In time however new discoveries in science, medicine, and with new communication technology evolving all the time in all aspects of society, allowed people much more access to alternative knowledge and information. With this new knowledge people began to ask questions and have their say regarding issues of importance to them. Also new experts were emerging all the time to challenge old knowledge systems. ‘Debates that were once confined to a small circle of influential figures and institutions within each of these traditions are now amplified through the enormously expanded means of communication that now exists' (Goldblatt 2000) It could be fair to argue then that it is not so much that there has been a decline in the trust of experts but that the old and traditional and trusted knowledge systems have become more diverse due to the emerge of alternate forms of knowledge within society, for example, alternative medicine, new political ideologies and so on. Following the 2nd world war feminism had a huge impact for women in all spheres of society. Science, medicine and religion, had largely been dominated by men throughout history. Women had been pretty much excluded from all these dominant knowledge systems. It was men who held superior patriarchy power within all aspects of society. This allows us then to not only question and discuss gendered knowledge but to also look at the interrelation between knowledge and power within these knowledge systems. Lets look at the at a feminist approach adopted by Fox Keller, with relevance to women's place within medical science. She argues that knowledge production is gendered and shaped by patriarchy within social structures in society. ‘Modern science †¦ is based on a division of emotional and intellectual labour in which objectivity, reason and mind are cast as male and subjectivity, feeling and nature are cast as female. Science involves a radical separation of subject and object and ultimately the domination of mind over nature. The result is a popular conception of science – one that is more suited to men than women'. (Fox Keller). An example of this is the Royal Society founded by Charles II in1662. It was argued that the knowledge produced within this society was because of its ‘gentlemanly origins. They saw the importance of objective knowledge over subjective knowledge within the field of science and medicine. Women's knowledge at this time was ‘devalued and relegated to folk medicine' (Thompson and woodward 2000). It was due to the fact that women were excluded from higher education and therefore unable to attend medical universities, hence were unable to enter the medical field without training. ‘Power over Knowledge was used to maintain a structure in which women were systematically excluded from a male medical monopoly' (Thompson and Woodward) Today however, due largely to the emerge of feminism, women now have equality with men in the medical profession, and other dominant knowledge systems such as religion. As with medicine religion too was dominated by the patriarchy power within society. In fact it wasn't until 1992 that women were finally accepted into the priesthood. In contemporary society women have challenged the patriarchy of old and traditional religious beliefs in favour of new understanding of religion and what it means for them. Many women now focus on a more spiritual beliefs, one movement dedicated to this is that of eco-feminism. ‘Eco-feminism is a new term for an ancient wisdom. As women in various movements – ecology, peace, feminist and especially health – rediscovered the independence and connectedness of everything, they also discovered what was called spiritual dimension of life – the realization of this interconnectedness was itself sometime called spirituality†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.The desire to recover, to regenerate [this] wisdom as a means to liberate women and nature from patriarchal destruction also motivated this turning towards spirituality.'(Mies and Shiva, 1997, p,500). So it is fair to argue that due to social change brought about by the emerge of feminism women have challenged both gendered knowledge and the power of knowledge in medicine and religion. The rise of Eco-feminism however is just one of the many alternative or new age beliefs within religion today. Which begs the question of religion in contemporary society and whether it is in decline. Or could it be that as with the knowledge system of medicine or expert knowledge in general, religion has become so diverse due to social change and the emerge of alternative religious beliefs brought about because of these changes. Religion has changed significantly throughout history. Following the emerge of the Royal Society and the intellectual movement throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, known as ‘The Age of Reason', (Enlightenment), it was argued that ‘Science replaced religion as the dominant source of knowledge'(Woodward and Watt 2000) However religion has always played an important role for people within society due to the fact that unlike scientific knowledge it is religion, which helps us make sense of the moral issues that, can affect us in our daily lives. Social scientists debate into the question is religion in decline is known as the secularization thesis. Some argue that it is modernization, which is a threat to traditional religious thinking by citing new age beliefs as being responsible for this. Some argue that people now fill their time with other leisure activities instead. It is also argued that other forms of thought have taken over religion such as science for example. The fact also that the UK is now a multicultural society means there are many diverse forms of religion apart from the church of England. There are two main approaches in this debate positivist, whose approach is based on observing peoples behaviour toward religion. They use quantitative evidence such as questionnaires and surveys, which is argued may be limiting. The interpretative approach however would argue humans cannot be observed in the same way as objects. There aim is understand what religion or people's beliefs mean to them and aim to explore those meanings from different perspectives. It can be argued that religion in contemporary society has become a significantly diverse knowledge system. Ethnic beliefs, women's challenge to patriarchal religion and the emerge of new age beliefs, be it alternative medicine or green issues have meant that the traditional Church of England the dominant form of religion any more. So in conclusion then this essay began by defining what is knowledge. It then proceeded by questioning expert knowledge with regard to social change. It then focused on two dominant knowledge systems medicine and religion and discussed how the emerge of feminism challenged the knowledge systems. Lastly it discussed briefly the role of religion in contemporary society and questioned whether it is in decline and the relevance of women's, ethnic and new age beliefs. It is fair to argue that the discussion in this essay does conclude that there is a significant link, not only between social change and knowledge but knowledge and social change.

History Teachers, Textbooks And Racism - 1633 Words

A Whitewashed History: Teachers, Textbooks and Racism. Textbooks can be wrong. Is it possible that watching the History Channel could be more informative than the average High School History class? Alia Wong points out in her article History Class and the Fictions about Race in America the topics of underqualified teachers, inaccurate textbooks and the inefficacy of history being taught at all grade levels. I, myself, can attest to this statement having been taught history by a teacher who taught from an extremely outdated textbook. I taught myself by quietly reading in every class. The way we teach history to our children is lacking a few fundamental truths that are essential to American history and how we teach it that underplays†¦show more content†¦When you present the institution of slavery as â€Å"workers† you are sugar coating or brushing off the brutality of slavery and racism. Presenting them as other than a group of people who were brought here against thei r will, who had to endure the most barbaric, inhumane and torturous enslavement of their kind. How is this lack of accurate representation of slavery and White Supremacy ok to leave out of our History textbooks? I agree with Wong that textbook company publishers tend to â€Å"mystify† the reason why the south seceded. Largely because â€Å"they don’t want to offend school districts and lose sales†. When you have textbook companies not wanting to really emphasize that racism, slavery and White Supremacy in the south during the 1800s was one of the biggest and most prominent parts of why the Civil War started, rather they emphasize that it was about States’ Rights, and that’s the reason why the south seceded. Not that it was about the preservation of slavery. With textbooks like this you get 41% of Americans believing the cause of the Civil War was not slavery, where as the other 54% believe it is about slavery, from a recent national poll from Histo ry Class and the Fictions about Race in America. When you get these types of numbers one must think what does the â€Å"mystification† or the whitewashing of history do to us as a society? When you underplay racismShow MoreRelated Lies My Teacher Told Me by James Loewen Essay example1439 Words   |  6 PagesJames Loewen wrote the book ?Lies My Teacher Told ME? to help the students of the United States become aware of their true history. This book attempts to show how and why American history has been taught the way it has without regard for the truth. 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